Databases
PostgreSQL vs MySQL
PostgreSQL and MySQL are the two most popular open-source relational databases. Both are mature and capable; they differ in features, standards-compliance, and defaults.
Side-by-side comparison
| PostgreSQL | MySQL | |
|---|---|---|
| Standards compliance | Very high | Good |
| Advanced features | JSONB, CTEs, window fns, extensions | Solid, fewer advanced features |
| Performance | Strong for complex queries | Strong for read-heavy simple queries |
| Replication | Robust | Mature and widely used |
| Ecosystem | PostGIS, rich extensions | Huge adoption, hosting everywhere |
When to use PostgreSQL
- Complex queries, JSON, geospatial (PostGIS)
- You value strict standards compliance
- Advanced data types and extensions
When to use MySQL
- Simple, read-heavy web apps
- Maximum hosting/tooling ubiquity
- Familiar LAMP-stack workflows
Bottom line
PostgreSQL is the default choice for feature-rich, complex workloads; MySQL excels at simple, read-heavy apps with ubiquitous hosting. Both are excellent.